Microbes are also essential tools in biotechnology, biochemistry, genetics, and molecular biology. The yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) are importantmodel organisms in science, since they are simple eukaryotes that can be grown rapidly in large numbers and are easily manipulated.[68] They are particularly valuable in genetics, genomics andproteomics.[69][70] Microbes can be harnessed for uses such as creating steroids and treating skin diseases. Scientists are also considering using microbes for living fuel cells,[71] and as a solution for pollution.
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